How to Install Gear Shift Cam Ltz 400]
ExpressLRS is an affordable open up source RC system that offers ultra low latency and long range. In this tutorial I will show you how to setup ExpressLRS 2.4GHz transmitter module and receivers with TX16S radio and Betaflight. And how to flash the latest ELRS firmware.
This guide works for Happymodel (ESTX24, PP/EP1/EP2), equally well equally BetaFPV ELRS Nano TX and RX.
New to ExpressLRS? Take a look at this article, it explains the advantages of ExpressLRS over other radio systems, and why I prefer to apply two.4GHz over 900MHz.
ExpressLRS 2.4GHz Hardware Selection
TX and RX listed hither are all compatible even from different brands. As long equally they are running ExpressLRS firmware, they should demark just fine.
Transmitter Module
There are then many options when information technology comes to transmitter module, it might seem hard to choose. But really, they all accept similar performance because they are all based on the same open source design past the ExpressLRS. The main deviation is the build quality and certain features. I recommend getting one from a well established brand.
| Full Size Module (JR) | ||
| Happymodel ESTX24 TX | BetaFPV ELRS Micro TX | AxisFlying Thor |
 |  |  |
| Banggood AliExpress GetFPV | BetaFPV Banggood | Banggood GetFPV |
Other Options:
- HGLRC Hermes: https://oscarliang.com/product-jssq
- HiYOUNGER ELRS 2.4GHz: https://oscarliang.com/product-58mr
- Namimno Flash: https://oscarliang.com/product-ie8s
- Happymodel ES24TX Pro: https://oscarliang.com/product-7s4u
Other Options:
- FrSky VANTAC: https://oscarliang.com/product-50wh
- Happymodel ES24TX Slim Pro: https://oscarliang.com/product-xi1z
The TX module plugs into the external JR module bay, and information technology'southward compatible with radios such as Radiomaster TX16S, Jumper T16, and Frsky X9D+. For smaller radios such as the Jumper T-Calorie-free and TBS Tango 2, y'all will need the "Lite way" module as the module bay is smaller.
TX Antenna Upgrades
Stock antenna works fine, just if you lot are trying to push range y'all can effort these higher gain antennas:
Receivers
Other options:
- HGLRC Hermes: https://oscarliang.com/product-vsrn
- JHEMCU RX24T: https://oscarliang.com/production-x2xp
- Matek ELRS-R24-P PWM receiver: https://oscarliang.com/production-hx8m
- AxisFlying: https://oscarliang.com/production-jaxm
All the ExpressLRS receivers are compatible with all ExpressLRS transmitter modules, and so you can mix brands and go whatsoever is available to you lot. They are all based on the same ELRS open source design, the primary differences between these receivers are:
- Size
- WiFi Support (for firmware update and configuration)
- Antenna (some have built-in ceramic antenna while some comes with U.FL connector for longer external antenna)
Size comparison to TBS Crossfire Nano and Frsky R-XSR:
Size comparison: Frsky R-XSR, Crossfire Nano, EP1, EP2, PP
Why Flash Latest ExpressLRS Firmware?
You should flash the latest firmware to your ELRS TX and RX when you lot first become them.
Yep, they should already accept the ELRS firmware installed in manufactory, only that might be the old stock firmware (including the firmware files they provide on the product folio). Some important features and Binding Phrase are not set. You lot have to flash firmware to make certain y'all've enabled these settings.
Too ExpressLRS is a constantly evolving firmware, every update includes many bug fixes and improvements. Keeping up with the latest version will protect you from potential bug.
Wink EdgeTX
EdgeTX is a fork of OpenTX, it's "kind of experimental" but is more advanced and has a lot more new features than OpenTX. It too has some benefits when used with ExpressLRS such equally 500Hz gimbal polling. Check out why and how to flash EdgeTX.
Flash Latest OpenTX
If y'all flash EdgeTX you can skip this role. But if you lot still desire to stick with OpenTX, you lot need to update OpenTX to the latest version post-obit these instructions.
If your OpenTX version is older than two.iii.12, then you lot will demand to flash OpenTX.
Updating OpenTX firmware on your radio allows y'all to flash the ELRS firmware to the transmitter module from the radio, and get CRSFShot working. If you lot are new to this, hither is a step past footstep guide on how to flash OpenTX.
I will effort to summarize information technology hither.
Get latest OpenTX Companion here, you will need 2.3.12 or newer: http://world wide web.open up-tx.org/downloads
Go to Edit Settings, and select the options y'all want.
Brand sure you accept Release (stable) selected in Release Channel so yous are not downloading the Nightly build which was required previously.
Click the "Download" button on the left, and click "Cheque for updates" on the popular upwards window, "Latest Download Version 2.3.12" should announced. Download firmware and save information technology somewhere.
Put your radio in bootloader mode.
Click on the button "Flash firmware to radio" on the sidebar, load the firmware we but downloaded and click "Write to TX".
When flashing is done, unplug USB cable and restart your radio.
If yous also get an "SD bill of fare content" warning, you should download the new SD Card content here (observe the link for your radio, and get the latest file): https://downloads.open-tx.org/2.3/release/sdcard/
Make a fill-in of your current SD card content first.
Once downloaded the SD bill of fare content, plug in the USB cable to your TX16S, and select "USB Storage" to access the SD card inside the radio (or you can merely take it out of the radio). Copy the files over to your SD card. If you lot don't see the prompted window when you lot plug in the USB cable, Meet this post, yous should sett that option to "Ask".
Install ExpressLRS Configurator
The Configurator lets y'all build and compile firmware for the receivers and transmitter.
Download information technology here: https://github.com/ExpressLRS/ExpressLRS-Configurator/releases
For Windows: ExpressLRS-Configurator-Setup-X.10.X.exe
Download ELRS LUA Script
The LUA script allows us to setup ExpressLRS like changing radio link settings, binding receivers to transmitter, and updating TX module firmware over WiFi.
It'southward not included in the standard OpenTX SD card content yet, so we have to grab it here and put it in the SD card:
When it'due south saved, make certain the file has the "lua" extension and not "txt".
Put it in the radio SD card, in this directory: \SCRIPTS\TOOLS\
Alternative download method: You can also find the LUA script here: https://github.com/ExpressLRS/ExpressLRS/wiki/.Make certain y'all right click the link to "ExLRS Lua Script", and "Save link as".
Compile and Wink TX Firmware
Yous tin flash the TX module using one of these methods: USB/UART or WiFi. For Happymodel, WiFi is easier, for BetaFPV, USB/UART is easier.
Building ELRS TX Firmware
Use the ExpressLRS Configurator to build the firmware for your TX module.
Under Device Target, select the brand, and device. In the instance of Happymodel, it would be:
- Happymodel 2.4 GHz
- HappyModel ES24TX 2400 TX
Let me explain what some of the settings hateful.
Bounden Phrase – basically like your VTX channel number, you lot should allow people who yous wing with know virtually your bounden phrase, and then they don't accidentally use the same phrase and crusade bug. It should be a unique phrase that you can recall, and it's not meant to be a password or secret.
I unremarkably enable the following options for my freestyle quad, yous might desire different options enabled for your particular application. You can also click on the question mark to larn about them.
In a nutshell:
- NO_SYNC_ON_ARM: Racing = Enable; Long Range = Disable; Non certain? Just disable it.
- HYBRID_SWITCHES_8: past disabling it will make all your switches two-position (on/off). If yous want to use 3-position switches, enable this, but note that your arm switch (AUX1) would still exist ii-position
- Enable Telemetry: This option enables additional telemetry data like battery voltage, current, GPS data, flight way… If you disable it, you will still get RSSI and Link Quality
500Hz mode is enabled by default and then y'all don't demand to select information technology like in previous versions.
Flash TX Firmware via WiFI
In the ExpressLRS Configurator, under Flashing method, select WiFi.
When you are ready, click the BUILD button (not Build and Flash).
It tin accept a few minutes. After the configurator finishes building, a windows should popular upwardly containing the firmware files, one named "firmware.bin" and the other named after the module type you lot selected. The two files are identical (just different names), so you lot tin can use either ane to flash your TX module.
Plug in the TX module to your radio module bay and power on radio.
On your radio, setup a new model profile, in Model Setup, enable External RF and select CRSF in Mode.
Get to Organization settings, Tools, and select ELRS. This is the LUA script we grabbed from Github earlier.
After executing ELRS LUA script, you might get a "Version Mismatch" mistake, just ignore it for at present and click "Force to use".
Select "WiFi Update" and leave the radio powered on.
Go to your computer'southward WiFi network, and join the network "ExpressLRS TX Module". The WiFi countersign is: expresslrs
Open up browser and go to 10.0.0.one
Click "Choose File" and select "firmware.bin" generated from the ExpressLRS Configurator earlier.
Click Update. When successful, the browser should render "ok" on the screen.
Flash TX Firmware via USB/UART
Plug in the USB cablevision to the TX module, a new COM port should appear on your computer.
In the ExpressLRS Configurator, under Flashing method, select UART. When you are fix, click the BUILD and Wink button (not Build). The flashing will accept a few minutes.
I found the BetaFPV TX module to be plug and play, all the same with the Happymodel TX module, it requires an extra pace for UART flashing to piece of work. On the TX module board, there are 6 jumpers, by the default the heart two are bridged. When flashing via USB/UART, you should move the jumpers downwards to the bottom two pins.
Besides brand sure to install the cp210x drivers if you lot haven't already.
Connect RX to FC
Here'south the pin-out of the PP, EP1 and EP2 receivers. Connect TX and RX pins to whatsoever spare UART on your flight controller. Do Not utilise soft-serial. Connect TX to RX, and RX to TX.
Here'south the pinout for the BetaFPV ELRS Nano RX.
Build and Flash RX Firmware
For PP receiver, you should flash its firmware using Betaflight Passthrough.
For EP1 and EP2, y'all should be able to do both Betaflight Passthrough and WiFi (since there are both firmware bachelor), simply for some reason Passthrough gives me error, but WiFi works simply fine for me.
For BetaFPV Nano RX, it supports both WiFi or Betaflight Passthrough.
Open ExpressLRS Configurator, choose the device target based on the make and receiver type. Make sure to select the verbal same firmware version, build options and bounden phrase as your TX.
- For PP receiver, the Device is: HappyModel PP 2400 RX
- For EP1 and EP2 receivers, the Device is: HappyModel EP 2400 RX
Wink RX Firmware via Betaflight Passthrough
This will only work if you have configure the RX in Betaflight correctly, see this section for item.
Now connect the USB cable to your quad to power the FC and RX.
In ExpressLRS Configurator, choose the COM port of the FC (if not sure, check in Betaflight Configurator, just remember to disconnect earlier proceeding).
Hitting BUILD & FLASH. Information technology volition take a couple of minutes.
Flash RX Firmware via WiFi
Basically the steps are the same as flashing the TX module via WiFi.
In the ExpressLRS Configurator, hit BUILD and it will take a couple of minutes to compile firmware.bin.
By default, if yous power the EP1 and EP2 without turning on the radio, after 20 seconds it volition enter WiFi mode (LED will be flashing apace to indicate that). The RX'south WiFi signal is a scrap weak and so place the RX closer to the WiFi antenna to your PC.
Connect to the WiFi network "ExpressLRS RX". The WiFi password is: expresslrs
Become to 10.0.0.ane in your browser, and upload the firmware file.
Flash RX Firmware via UART
In the rare outcome, if neither of the in a higher place methods work, you can endeavor UART flashing equally described here.
Binding Receiver
If you've gear up the Binding Phrase when flashing both TX and RX, you shouldn't take to do anything, because it just automatically binds. When binding is successful, the status LED on the RX should stay solid.
If you didn't ready Bounden Phrase, you tin can manually bind your RX to the TX following these steps:
Bind procedure:
- Power on receiver, expect until the LED on the RX is off, immediately turn off the power, and and so repeat again the above steps. When the RX is powered on for the tertiary time, the LED will start to double-flash, indicating the RX is in binding mode
- Plug in the ELRS TX module to your radio, and enable External RF and select CRSF protocol in Mode. Execute the ELRS lua script in System Settings, Tools. Select [Bind], the LED on the RX module will go solid if bind successfully
Receiver condition LED meanings:
- PP RX: LED solid ways bind successfully or connexion established; double-flash means it'south in bind style; flash slowly means waiting for connection
- EP1/EP2 RX: LED solid means bind successfully or connexion established; double-flash means it'south in bind mode; wink slowly means waiting for TX module connection; flash fast ways it'south in WIFI hotspot mode, you tin connect to the RX'southward WiFi network to upgrade RX firmware by visiting 10.0.0.1 in your browser (password: expresslrs)
Betaflight Setup for ExpressLRS Receiver
To setup ExpressLRS RX's:
Go to the "Ports" tab in the Betaflight configurator, and enable "Serial RX" for the UART y'all've connected the ELRS receiver to. Press "Salve".
In Configuration tab, nether the "Receiver" Section, select "Serial-based receiver", and select "CRSF" in the 2d option. Enable "Telemetry" feature. Click "Save".
Your RX should be working now.
To verify, go to the "Receiver" tab, you should see response from stick movement. If the channels are in the wrong order, just effort a unlike "Channel Map".
Cheque if finish points (1000 or lightly lower / 2000 or lightly higher) and mid points (1500) are correct, see this guide on how to adjust if they aren't correct.
To make certain Telemetry is working, get to the Telemetry page in the radio, and select option "Delete all sensors", and then "Observe new sensors".
Asterisk flashing means telemetry is updating.
In Modes tab, you should gear up AUX 1 as your arm switch (notation that it's now a two-position switch).
Display LQ and RSSI in OSD
- RSSI – Signal forcefulness, how loud the signal is (value from -130dBm to 0dBm)
- LQ – Link Quality, how well your receiver tin empathize the betoken (value from 0% to 100%)
Both indicators are useful, but if you have to pick i, LQ is probably more of import.
To brandish LQ properly you should utilise Betaflight four.two or newer, where they introduced a new RFMD:LQ% format for the LQ OSD element.
- Configuration tab, Disable RSSI_ADC
- Receiver tab, set RSSI Aqueduct to Disable
- OSD tab, enable Link Quality andRSSI in dBm
It'south useful to have both measurements. For example:
- low LQ, high RSSI = lots of interference around y'all
- high LQ, depression RSSI = yous are very far away and should be cautious, or if you are close that's an indicator that possibly something is incorrect with your antennas
- low LQ, low RSSI = reaching the range limit of your gear
Setup Failsafe
Digital protocols typically have a failsafe flag in the packets, so setting "no pulse" in the radio might non really hateful annihilation (though information technology won't injure to set it). So set it up in Betaflight Failsafe tab.
Make sure to do a props-off failsafe test only to verify that failsafe is actually working (remove all propellers, arm the quad and plough off radio, be ready to unplug if anything goes wrong).
ELRS LUA Script Settings
To Setup ExpressLRS in the LUA script, there are three settings: Pkt. Rate (package rate), TLM Ratio (telemetry ratio) and Power.
Ability Settings
The Happymodel ES24TX transmitter module supports upwards to 250mW, but I believe 100mW is enough for most people. Tests showed that 100mW tin can do 33km range with stock ii.4GHz gear. And it volition near probable outperform your v.8GHz video link anyway.
Just if you insist in using the maximum 250mW output, make sure y'all install a fan for cooling, I volition prove you how hither. 100mW should be fine without a fan.
Package Rate
Information technology's a compromise of range and latency. Higher packet charge per unit has lower latency.
Most of the times I fly within 1Km, then I adopt to utilise the highest parcel rate available to my TX16S, which is 500Hz. Annotation that 500Hz is not available in all radios, for instance the Tango 2 only supports upwards to 250Hz.
TLM Ratio
TLM Ratio is how ofttimes telemetry data become sent. The larger number means slower telemetry update, eastward.g. one:8 means telemetry data is sent every 8 frames, while 1:128 is every 128 frames.
More frequent telemetry would crusade latency to the command link, but less telemetry is more probable to requite y'all telemetry lost alert. And it depends on your requirement too, if you lot want more frequent updates and so you would want to set a smaller number.
If y'all get "Telemetry lost" warnings while your link quality is still looking proficient, it could be that your telemetry rate is likewise low. Try increasing TLM ratio ane step at a time until the "Telemetry Lost" warning disappears.
Functioning Enhancement Settings
These settings might brand your quad wing more locked in. Give them a effort anyhow. Backup original settings in case y'all want to go back.
Turn off ADC filtering in radio (System Settings, Hardware).
Enable 500Hz mode in ELRS LUA script.
In Betaflight CLI:
- set ff_interpolate_sp = on
- set ff_smooth_factor = 37
- save
In Receiver tab, RC Smoothing, set:
- Smoothing Type to Interpolation
- RC Interpolation to Manual
- RC Interpolation Interval to 5ms (500Hz), or 10ms (250Hz)
FAQ
LUA script merely shows "Connecting…"
That's an indication of the ExpressLRS TX module is not talking to the LUA script
Possible causes of the problem:
- TX Module is installed, or is installed incorrectly (pins in the module bay are not making proper contact or broken)
- Perchance the TX module is in WiFi update fashion, restart the radio and try again
- Make sure you take set RF protocol to CRSF
- If you are running OpenTX, make sure the version is not too one-time (it has to be 2.3.12 or after)
How to Install Cooling Fan
There is no fan plug for the Happymodel 2.4GHZ TX module, you lot demand to solder it straight. I constitute 3.3V and GND at this capacitor. Brand sure you ostend voltage with a multimeter earlier connecting to avoid damaging the board.
I am using a 20x20x6mm 5v fan which fits perfectly in their new module encompass. The fan tin be bought on Amazon (affiliate link): https://amzn.to/3ixZpE0. The fan should act as an exhaust and take the hot air out, not blowing onto the PCB to avoid grit building upward inside the module. Electric current draw is quite depression so that shouldn't exist an issue. At 5V, 0.05A.
Inconsistent Bundle Rate – CRSFShot Not Working
In the ELRS lua script top bar, there is an indicator (eastward.yard. 0:200) which tells you lot how many packets per second it'south getting from the radio. Y'all can use it to ostend the consistency of the RC link.
Ideally it should always testify a stable number that is the same as the packet charge per unit you lot select. For example: 0:fifty, 0:150, 0:250, 0:500.
If information technology shows an inconsistent number like 0:63, or is stuck at 0:250 at every package charge per unit you select, then your radio does not take CRSFShot working properly.
The latest official release of OpenTX (two.three.12 or newer) already includes CRSFShot, so double bank check if your OpenTX version is outdated.
Using ExpressLRS Logo as Model Image
I made a logo y'all tin use every bit model epitome in the TX16S/T16. Y'all can learn how to use it here.
Image download: google bulldoze.
Install USB to UART Driver
Yous might or might non demand to install this commuter on your PC if you want to update your TX via UART: https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers
Taranis QX7
For Taranis QX7 users, if you lot are running OpenTX, yous'll demand to perform this mod in lodge to run 400k baud charge per unit on your radio. It'south not needed, but information technology is recommended if you desire to become the about out of ELRS: https://www.youtube.com/scout?5=mHfQe05XJn8&ab_channel=edrone
If y'all run EdgeTX you won't demand to do this modern as the bug has been addressed in software.
Betaflight LUA Script Support
ELRS does back up Betaflight Lua script, all you need to do is to enable the "ENABLE_TELEMETRY" choice when compiling/flashing firmware.
Official Documentation
For more than detailed explanation of the arrangement, visit ExpressLRS official wiki, I barely scratched the surface hither: https://github.com/
Edit History
- Jun 2021 – Updated guide: OpenTX ii.three.12 has been released, no longer need to flash nightly
- Jul 2021 – Updated: ExpressLRS 1.0 official release
- Aug 2021 – Added info for BetaFPV ELRS Nano TX and RX
- Nov 2021 – Updated production listing
- Feb 2022 – Updated the complete TX, RX and antenna options currently available on the market place
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How to Install Gear Shift Cam Ltz 400] UPDATED
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